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Die europäische Marktinfrastruktur (EMIR)

 

Am 29. März 2012 hat das Europäische Parlament die Verordnung über die europäische Marktinfrastruktur (EMIR) verabschiedet, mit dem Ziel, die Transparenz und das Risikomanagement auf dem Markt für außerbörslich gehandelte (OTC) Derivate zu verbessern.

Konkret wird mit der EMIR, die ab 1. Januar 2013 gelten soll, Folgendes eingeführt:

i) eine Clearingpflicht für standardisierte OTC-Derivate mit Maßnahmen zur Reduzierung des Gegenparteiausfallrisikos und des operationellen Risikos für bilateral geclearte OTC-Derivate,

ii) gemeinsame Regelungen für zentrale Gegenparteien (Central Counterparties, CCP),

iii) eine Meldepflicht für OTC-Derivate,

iv) Regelungen zur Gewährleistung der Interoperabilität zwischen CCPs,

v) das Konzept der Transaktionsregister.

Die EMIR ist in einem breiteren globalen Kontext zu sehen. Im Juni 2010 verpflichteten sich die Staats- und Regierungschefs der G20 in Pittsburgh zur Umsetzung tiefgreifender Maßnahmen zur „Stärkung der Transparenz und Beaufsichtigung der OTC-Derivate auf international kohärente und nichtdiskriminierende Art und Weise“. In den USA definiert der Dodd-Frank Act die Regulierung des OTC-Derivatmarkts.

Die Situation in Europa ist etwas komplexer. Neben der EMIR, die sich auf die Nachhandelsaktivitäten bei OTC-Kontrakten konzentriert, müssen simultan auch andere Aspekte der OTC-Regulierung behandelt werden, insbesondere in Bezug auf die Handelsseite – durch MiFID 2 und die Richtlinie über Marktmissbrauch.

Es können auch andere, entlegenere Texte eine Rolle in der Debatte spielen, darunter insbesondere die Securities Law Directive (SLD, Richtlinie zum europäischen Wertpapierrecht), die Central Securities Depositories Regulation (Verordnung für Wertpapierzentralverwahrer) und natürlich die EU-Version von Basel III (CRD IV).

Für die ABBL ist es von primärer Bedeutung, das Gesamtbild im Auge zu behalten, um redundante oder widersprüchliche Anforderungen zu vermeiden.


 

Articles

  • 16/04/2012

    New and more demanding international standards for payment, clearing and settlement systems, including central counterparties, have today been issued by the CPSS and IOSCO in a report titled Principles for financial market infrastructures. Among other things, the standards will provide important support for the G20 strategy to make the financial system more resilient by making central clearing of standardised OTC derivatives mandatory. CPSS and IOSCO members will strive to adopt the new standards by the end of 2012. Financial market infrastructures (FMIs) are expected to observe the standards as soon as possible.

  • 07/03/2012

    As part of its ongoing efforts to create a sounder financial system, the European Commission has proposed today to set up a European common regulatory framework for the institutions responsible for securities settlement, called Central Securities Depositories (CSDs). The proposal will bring more safety and efficiency to securities settlement in Europe. It also seeks to shorten the time it takes for securities settlement and to minimise settlement fails.

  • 21/02/2012

    On 9 February 2012, Michel Barnier welcomed the work done by the major EU Institutions that have finally reached an agreement on the contested EMIR proposal. This would mark the entry of a new actor in the legislative process: Indeed, ESMA will now be required to prepare with the EU Commission secondary level legislation.

  • 20/02/2012

    The Regulation of the European Parliament and Council on OTC Derivatives, CCPs and trade repositories (EMIR) delegates or confers powers to the Commission to adopt regulatory technical standards (RTS) and implementing technical standards (ITS) on a number of areas. This discussion paper covers the draft RTS and ITS which ESMA is required to develop.

  • 09/02/2012

    After long negotiations a compromise deal on new EU legislation to regulate trade in over-the-counter (OTC) Derivatives and make the Derivatives market safer and more transparent was struck by Parliament and Council representatives on 9 February 2012.

  • 05/10/2011

    The draft regulation calls for reporting of all derivative contracts to trade repositories  and the clearing of standardised OTC derivative contracts through central counterparties in order to reduce counterparty risk. This is aimed at preventing the default of one market participant causing the collapse of other market players, thereby putting the entire financial system at risk.

  • 16/09/2011

    On 15 September 2011, the ABBL organised a conference in the “ABBL meets members” series on the European Market Infrastructures Regulation (EMIR) and welcomed several key EU players in the field to provide an expert view on market infrastructure regulation.

  • 08/09/2011

    The European Council published on 29 August 2011 a further Presidency compromise proposal, for a regulation on OTC derivative transactions, central counterparties and trade repositories.

  • 28/07/2011

    Conceptually, the ABBL supports the principles put forward and appreciates the need to define and adapt high-level global principles for institutions that act as market infrastructures for all financial actors. In the ABBL’s opinion, the principles defined at such a global level should be of a broad enough nature so as to be accommodated in regulatory texts in the different regions where they would be applicable.

  • 19/07/2011

    On 15 September 2010, exactly two years after the fall of Lehman Brothers, the European Commission published its draft proposal for the European Market Infrastructure Regulation (EMIR), with the aim to introduce greater transparency and better risk management to the ‘over the counter’ (OTC) derivatives market.

   
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